agustine’s Blog

New Korean Drama IRIS

November 13, 2009 · 1 Comment

Definitively, each time Korean TV is getting better.

This new drama is about the reunification of both Korea and how in the process fall in love 2 agents of the same organization” NSS”. Also the main point is to stop this reunification, for that was created “IRIS”.

If you want to keep watching this drama go to

http://www.dramacra zy.net/v/ korean-drama/ iris/

It have 20 episodes
Know they released the 8 last week.

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Decade Of Smackdown

September 6, 2009 · No Comments

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April 29, 1999 – Prior to SmackDown’s official debut months later, WWE created an instant classic, launching the pilot episode of SmackDown in which the newly combined forces of The Corporate Ministry were unleashed upon the WWE Universe. In the explosive main event tag team match, Triple H & Undertaker battled reluctant partners The Rock & “Stone Cold” Steve Austin.

Aug. 26, 1999 - SmackDown made its illustrious premiere as the WWE Universe witnessed WWE Champion Triple H reigning supreme over The Rock after special guest referee Shawn Michaels gave Rock some Sweet Chin Music just as he was about to deliver the People’s Elbow to The Game.

Sept. 9, 1999 – Big Show & Undertaker capture the World Tag Team Championships from The Rock & Sock Connection in a Buried Alive Match after The World’s Largest Athlete hurls Mankind through the air and into an open grave.

Sept. 16, 1999 – With WWE officials on strike and WWE Champion Triple H ignoring “Stone Cold” Steve Austin’s demand for a match, Mr. McMahon surprised all by defeating The Game for the WWE Championship, thanks to the Stone Cold Stunner by the emerging Texas Rattlesnake.

Oct. 21, 1999 – Women’s Champion Fabulous Moolah, who just days before had become the oldest Women’s Champion in WWE history by winning the gold at 76, battled fellow Hall of Famer Mae Young.

Nov. 11, 1999 – The Big Boss Man took contempt to a whole new level, interrupting the funeral of Big Show’s father, before dragging his coffin away with The World’s Largest Athlete clinging to the top of it.

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Jan. 20, 2000 – In an exciting Lumberjack Battle Royal featuring 27 lumberjacks, Kane triumphed over both The Rock & Big Show. Big Show eliminated The Rock with a chokeslam over the top rope. Then, Kane eliminated Big Show with a backdrop after The Rock came back into the ring and hit The World’s Largest Athlete with The Rock Bottom.

March 30, 2000 - Stephanie McMahon, daughter of WWE Chairman Mr. McMahon, became the new Women’s Champion.

April 20, 2000 - WWE Champion Triple H triumphed over the visiting ECW Champion Tazz, after Tommy Dreamer interfered with a chair and accidentally hit the Extreme champion with it.

Dec. 21, 2000 - Edge & Christian defeated WWE Tag Team Champions The Rock & Undertaker to become the new champions. Edge pinned The Rock after guest referee Kurt Angle hit the Olympic Slam on The Brahma Bull and laid The Rated-R Superstar on top for the win.

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April 12, 2001 – A young Jeff Hardy shocked the WWE Universe, triumphing over Intercontinental Champion Triple H to capture the coveted gold.

April 19, 2001 - WWE Tag Team Champions Edge & Christian were unseated by Undertaker & Kane in a No Disqualification Match when The Deadman pinned Christian with The Last Ride.

Aug. 9, 2001 – Chris Jericho got smashed through the original SmackDown set, resulting in the creation of a whole new one that featured a soon-to-be-trademarked gigantic fist.

Sept. 13, 2001- Just two days after horrific acts of terrorism claimed the lives of thousands of innocent people, threatened the nation’s capital and destroyed New York City’s World Trade Center, SmackDown stepped up as one of the first shows to carry out its broadcast, not just to entertain, but to help heal a nation in crisis. After more than 48 hours of having nothing but tragedy unfold before their very eyes, America’s television viewers discovered a source of strength, support and hope.

Dec. 13, 2001 – In a SmackDown moment very much out of its element, “Stone Cold” Steve Austin and Booker T brawled it out inside a grocery store, bringing new meaning to “bruising the melons.”

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Feb. 7, 2002 – Comedian Will Sasso of MADtv came to the SmackDown ring dressed as “Stone Cold” Steve Austin, kissing Chris Jericho’s feet in the process. But, when the real Stone Cold arrived and ended up alone in the squared-circle with the stunned comedian, Sasso was obliged to share a drink with the actual Texas Rattlesnake, before becoming the latest victim of the Stone Cold Stunner.

March 14 2002 – In the final days before WrestleMania X8, The Rock and Hulk Hogan, two of the biggest icons in the history of WWE, squared off in a historic battle of words.

March 25, 2002 – Mr. McMahon used his first round pick of the first-ever WWE Draft in order to bring The Rock to SmackDown. The People’s Champion becomes the first Superstar Draftee in the history of WWE. Although it took place on Monday Night Raw, it was a pivotal moment for SmackDown.

June 27, 2002 – An unknown John Cena emerges on the scene for the first time ever to nearly beat Kurt Angle, following the Olympic gold medalist’s open challenge to anyone who had never faced him to come out and do so.

July 4, 2002 – On Independence Day, Edge fulfilled an accomplishment far beyond any dream he had imagined possible when he teamed with his boyhood hero Hulk Hogan to capture the World Tag Team Championship.

Oct. 31, 2002 - In a special Halloween episode of SmackDown, John Cena performed the first of many memorable raps for the WWE Universe while General Manager rivals Stephanie McMahon and Eric Bischoff surprised each other and the WWE Universe by engaging in a passionate kiss.

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May 1, 2003 – On a special airing of Piper’s Pit, the masked Mr. America debuted, beginning a two-month quest by Mr. McMahon to prove that the mysterious new Superstar was actually the ousted Hulk Hogan.

June 12, 2003 – In a stunning conclusion to a WWE Championship main event, then-WWE Champion Brock Lesnar superplexed the 7-foot, 500-pound Big Show from the top rope, causing all four corners of the ring to collapse under their weight.

Sept. 11, 2003 – The late, great Eddie Guerrero defeated John Cena in a brutal Latino Heat Parking Lot Brawl after Chavo Guerrero cracked Cena across the skull with a hubcap, setting up the Frog Splash off the minivan for the three-count.

Oct. 19, 2003 – A No Mercy victory by Mr. McMahon over his daughter Stephanie McMahon in an “I Quit” Match forced Stephanie to relinquish her position as SmackDown General Manager.

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April 8, 2004 - Former APA brawler John Bradshaw Layfield redefined himself as a self-made millionaire with a Central Park address. The Longhorn Loudmouth then went on to show footage of himself stopping Mexicans from coming across the border into America.

July 15, 2004 – In a moment reminiscent of the great Jimmy “Superfly” Snuka, the late Eddie Guerrero showed amazing guts by executing a Frog Splash onto JBL from the top of a steel cage.

Oct. 7, 2004 – In his debut match, Carlito stunned the WWE Universe by beating John Cena for United States Championship.

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April 14, 2005 – WWE Champion John Cena introduced his WWE Championship Spinner Title. After Carlito interrupted Piper’s Pit at WrestleMania days before, The Southpaw from San Juan introduced the first-ever Carlito’s Cabana with special guest Rey Mysterio. The Master of the 619 ended up with apple in his face.

Sept. 9, 2005 - SmackDown lives out its true path of destiny, moving from Thursday nights to its current Friday night slot in its season premiere.

Nov. 18, 2005 – Following the death of Eddie Guerrero, a very emotional SmackDown pays tribute to the fallen Superstar in the second part of Eddie Guerrero’s Tribute Show.

Nov. 25, 2005 – Randy Orton, assisted by his father Hall of Famer Bob Orton, drove the late Eddie Guerrero’s low-rider through the SmackDown set with Undertaker on the back, causing the car to explode.

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Jan. 13, 2006 - World Heavyweight Champion Batista is forced to surrender his gold, thanks to an injury suffered at the hands of Mark Henry less than a week before. The announcement led to an impromptu 20-Man Battle Royal later that night in which Raw’s Kurt Angle surprised all by entering and becoming World Champion.

May 26, 2006 - After losing the United States Championship, JBL demanded a rematch from World Heavyweight Champion Rey Mysterio that same night, proclaiming that if he lost, he would walk away. When Mysterio defeated him, the self-proclaimed “wrestling god” had no choice but to step down and transition into semi-retirement as a SmackDown Color Commentator.

Aug. 18, 2006 - Undertaker reigned supreme over The Great Khali in an absolutely staggering Last Man Standing Match, highlighted by the unbelievable moment in which The Phenom miraculously beat the 10-count after being thrown from the elevated stage and through some tables.

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May 11, 2007 – After World Heavyweight Champion Undertaker defended his championship against Batista in a steel cage and was then attacked by Mark Henry, The Ultimate Opportunist, Edge, emerged to cash in his Money in the Bank opportunity and become the new champion.

July 10, 2007 – Merriam - Webster announced it would induct the word “smackdown” as an official word in Webster’s Dictionary.

July 20, 2007 – Due to injury, Edge was forced to surrender the World Heavyweight Championship. The announcement sparked an impromptu 20-Man Battle Royal later that night in which The Great Khali was crowned the new World Heavyweight Champion.

Sept. 21, 2007 - The highly anticipated, Superstar-studded wedding of SmackDown General Manager Teddy Long was cut short when Long suddenly had a heart attack just as he was uttering the words “I do.” These circumstances led to the elevation of Vickie Guerrero as the new SmackDown General Manager.

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April 11, 2008 - The Great Khali and his entourage made a special Punjabi Peace Offering to Big Show, offering presents that included a goat, a chicken and Ganges River water, a bottle of Indian refreshment. Big Show then expressed how he felt by knocking The Punjabi Playboy out with one punch.

June 23, 2008 – The WWE 2008 Draft on Monday Night Raw ends a SmackDown announcing era, as long-time SmackDown commentator Michael Cole is drafted to Monday Night Raw, replaced by Hall of Famer Jim Ross, who was simultaneously drafted to Friday nights.

July 18, 2008 - Edge & SmackDown General Manager Vickie Guerrero’s wedding reception was interrupted by Edge’s Great American Bash opponent, WWE Champion Triple H. The Game shocked all by producing a video of The Rated-R Superstar and wedding planner Alicia Fox kissing in his hotel room.

Oct. 3, 2008 – SmackDown celebrates its MyNetworkTV debut with a Superstar-packed All-Star Kickoff that saw WWE Champion Triple H reign supreme over World Heavyweight Champion Chris Jericho and ECW Champion Matt Hardy in a Champion vs. Champion Triple Threat main event.

Dec. 19, 2008 - Jeff Hardy celebrates winning his very first WWE Championship after overcoming both Triple H and Edge in a Triple Threat Match at Armageddon.

Dec. 26, 2008 - Maryse defeats first-ever Divas Champion Michelle McCool to become Divas Champion.

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Jan. 16, 2009 – As he was making his way to be Edge’s guest on “The Cutting Edge,” WWE Champion Jeff Hardy was the victim of a pyrotechnics display gone horribly wrong, leaving him in shock and injured.

Mar. 27, 2009 – Just nine days before meeting Undertaker at the 25th Anniversary of WrestleMania, Shawn Michaels brought the Bizarro World to SmackDown in epic fashion, imitating The Deadman’s entrance, dressed completely in white. Moments later, The Phenom exploded through the ring apron after HBK.

April 10, 2009 – Jeff & Matt Hardy follow up their unbelievable Extreme Rules battle at the 25th Anniversary of WrestleMania, battling it out in a brutal Stretcher Match, another first for SmackDown.

June 26, 2009 – Cryme Tyme’s “Word Up!” debuts on SmackDown.

Oct 2, 2009 – A milestone is recognized as SmackDown celebrates a ”Decade of SmackDown.”

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Bernabe Concepcion KOs Luevano, loses, rematch looms

August 16, 2009 · No Comments

August 15, 11:17 PMNY Boxing ExaminerMichael Marley
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You may not recognize Steven Luevano standing up

“Tomorrow.”

That was when trainer Freddie Roach’s snappy answer when he was asked after his fighter, Bernabe Concepcion, was disqualified for “knocking out” WBO featherweight champion Steven Luevano after the seventh round was clearly over, would want a

rematch.

“It’s unfortunate,” Bob Arum said. “These things happen. I am going to try to put together a rematch for December and these fighters will make more money than they made tonight.”

Until the closing seconds of round seven, the bout between the Filipino challenger and the Mexican American champion was a snore bore. Two judges had Luevano ahead and one had Concepcion ahead at the finish.

Referee Jay Nady correctly ruled a DQ victory for Luevano, making his fifth title defense.

Coach Roach briefly aruged with the ref but Nady, a former University of Nevada, Reno, football and boxing star, held firm.

“Give me a break!” Roach snapped at Nady.

“Don’t argue with me,” Nady snapped back.

In his TV interview, Roach was cooler, admitting the disqualification was the proper call but emphasizing that he felt certain that Concepcion’s 1-2 which dropped the hands down Luevano to the canvas was not intentional.

In Roach’s view, Concepcion may have been overexcited or simply could have not heard the bell.

However, a replay shows without a doubt that Nady shouted “time” at the fighters.

Luevano is now 37-1-1 while Concepcion’s record drops to 29-2-1.

Up until the seventh round, it was virtually all Luevano. The champion boxed smoothly, boring the crowd which was really hooting the slow pace by round six.

Luevano did what trainer Robert Garcia, the former world junior lightweight champion co-managed by your very own White Gorilla, told him. He stayed in control by keeping Concepcion on the outside.

Concepcion appeared clueless in many rounds and Roach implored him to start throwing combinations and fighting more aggressively.

Concepcion is lucky to be getting the rematch because he was well on his way to probably losing a decisive decision to Luevano.

The furious, unexpected finish gives Top Rank the “hook” to make a rematch.

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THE TOP 24 MATCHES IN WRESTLEMANIA HISTORY

July 25, 2009 · No Comments

“Macho Man” Randy Savage vs. Ricky “The Dragon” Steamboat for the Intercontinental Championship – WrestleMania III
What most people remember most from WrestleMania III is Hulk Hogan summoning up super human strength to bodyslam and defeat the previously undefeated Andre the Giant to retain the WWE Championship. According to some, however, it was Randy “Macho Man” Savage and Ricky “The Dragon” Steamboat who stole the show in their Intercontinental Championship matchup.

Savage was the Intercontinental Champion and defended his championship against Steamboat in November 1986. During the match, Savage used the ring bell and seriously injured Steamboat, crushing his larynx with the foreign object. Steamboat put all of his focus and energy into rehabbing from the injury and the two met to settle score at WrestleMania III with the Intercontinental Championship on the line.

The end result was one of the greatest matches of all time, which in turn became the gold standard of WrestleMania matches. Savage looked like he had everything going for him for most of the match. At one point Savage had Steamboat down and landed the famous flying elbow drop, but referee Earl Hebner was knocked out. Frustrated with the turn of events, Savage went for his weapon of choice, the ring bell. George “The Animal” Steele, who was in Steamboat’s corner, cut him off and wouldn’t allow him to use the foreign object. Savage became frustrated and as the referee was coming back to his senses, Savage hit a bodyslam, but Steamboat turned it into a small package for the win, shocking Savage and sending the fans into a frenzy as they gave him a standing ovation.

This match was fast-paced with a good mix of brawling, technical and high-flying maneuvers. The action was absolutely seamless, and it’s no wonder that this match is still talked about today as perhaps the greatest ever in WWE and WrestleMania history.

“Macho Man” Randy Savage vs. Ric Flair for the WWE Championship – WrestleMania VIII
Not only was this match for the WWE Championship, it was also about as personal as a match could get. Upon hearing the news that Randy “Macho Man” Savage would be his opponent at WrestleMania VIII, Ric Flair announced to the world that before Savage was Miss Elizabeth’s boyfriend, the Nature Boy was seeing the first lady of WWE. Elizabeth denied the accusation and Savage became a man possessed. To egg Savage on even more, Flair and his associate Mr. Perfect proclaimed that they had a revealing centerfold-style picture of Elizabeth they would show the world after the match.

After a brief early advantage for Flair, Savage got the upper hand and brutalized Flair, beating him to a bloody pulp. Savage eventually hit the flying elbow, but Mr. Perfect pulled him out of the ring at the count of two. An irate Savage chased Mr. Perfect around the ring allowing Flair to recover. When Savage tried to get back into the ring, Flair nailed him with a foreign object. With the ref’s back turned, Mr. Perfect smashed Savage’s knee with a steel chair. Flair then pounced on his fallen foe and attacked the leg with vigor.

As Flair locks in the figure four leg lock, Elizabeth runs down to ringside to provide Savage with support. Savage reverses the hold, so Flair lets go, but he stays on the knee. After Savage tries a desperation small package, Flair taunts Elizabeth and works on the knee some more. Flair continued to taunt Elizabeth instead of focusing on Savage, and the Macho Man was able to roll him up with a handful of tights for his second WWE Championship.
WATCH THIS MATCH NOW*

Shawn Michaels vs. Kurt Angle in an Interpromotional Match - WrestleMania 21
When Kurt Angle was representing the United States and winning a gold medal at the 1996 Olympics, he claims he couldn’t escape the imposing shadow of Shawn Michaels. Nine glorious years later, all of that changed. Mr. WrestleMania tapped out.

After weeks of mocking HBK’s career on SmackDown and a pair of brutal surprise attacks on Raw, Angle finished the job Sunday when a marathon ankle lock finally forced Michaels to give in.

The match featured both Superstars at their best. Angle connected with a ferocious suplex and worked HBK over with some painful mat maneuvers. Angle worked mercilessly on HBK’s back, ramming Michaels into the ring post with an angle slam and then avoiding an HBK elbow drop from the top rope as Michaels landed hard on his back.

HBK would come back with a corkscrew moonsault off the apron, sending both legends onto the announce table. HBK would go on to hit an elbow drop and began to warm up the band for Sweet Chin Music, only to have Angle reverse the famous move into an ankle lock. HBK escaped a pair of ankle locks and then kicked out of the Angle slam.

A frustrated and bleeding Angle then went for the kill with a moonsault, only to have HBK crawl forward, sending Angle crashing to the mat. Angle then connected with an Angle slam from the top rope with HBK amazingly escaping again.

HBK would finally hit Sweet Chin Music, but Angle, not to be outdone, barely kicked out. With both men exhausted, Angle somehow managed to apply the ankle lock one last fateful time for the victory.

WATCH this match now*

Shawn Michaels vs. Bret “Hit Man” Hart in a WWE Iron Man Match for the WWE Championship – WrestleMania XII
Shawn Michaels and Bret “Hit Man” Hart have one of the most storied rivalries in WWE history, and this match showcased the best of both Superstars. The WWE Championship was on the line in this 60-minute WWE Iron Man Match. Whoever scored the most pinfalls or submissions by the end of the 60 minutes would win, but with two Superstars the caliber of HBK and the Excellence of Execution, 60 minutes just wasn’t enough.

Both Superstars showed incredible endurance and perseverance throughout the entire match. In the beginning of the match, Michaels worked on Bret’s arm. Bret’s point of attack is HBK’s neck. As time wore on, both Superstars took turns with the advantage as neither could get over the hump. Then, with about a minute left, Hart locked in the Sharpshooter. HBK stuck it out, though, and the bell rings at the 60 minute mark as, neither man had picked up a pinfall or submission.

President Gorilla Monsoon came down to the ring and ordered that the match be restarted. Bret went to work on HBK’s back, but Michaels hit the Sweet Chin Music from out of nowhere. Michaels was too out of it to make the cover, but as both Superstars got to their feet, the Showstopper hit his patented move once again for the win and the WWE Championship.

Shawn Michaels vs. Razor Ramon in a Ladder Match for the Intercontinental Championship – WrestleMania X
While Randy Savage vs. Ricky Steamboat is highly regarded as one of the best ever pure wrestling matches in WWE history, the Ladder Match between Shawn Michaels and Razor Ramon at WrestleMania X for the Intercontinental Championship has to be the most innovative of its time, and ranks among the most exciting of all time. This was the first-ever televised Ladder Match in WWE history, but with the way Michaels and Ramon performed, you would think they had been in countless Ladder Matches together over the years.

This match ended up being one of the most brutal and physically taxing of its time. The Ladder Match has evolved over the years, but this set the bar at an amazingly high level right off the bat. Michaels and Ramon took turns using the ladder as a weapon in new and painful ways. Michaels performed the flying elbow from on top of the ladder and used a baseball slide to ram the ladder into Ramon’s body as well. Ramon, meanwhile, sandwiched HBK between the ladder and the ring post and also slingshot the Showstopper into the ladder. Then in the breathtaking finale, with Michaels nearing the championship high above the ring, Ramon tipped the ladder over, sending HBK crotch-first onto the ring ropes. Michaels got tangled up in the ropes and was writhing in pain long enough to allow Ramon to grab the championship to become the undisputed Intercontinental Champion.
WATCH THIS MATCH NOW*

Bret “Hit Man” Hart vs. Owen Hart – WrestleMania X
On any other night, the classic between Bret “Hit Man” Hart and his brother Owen Hart would have been considered the match of the night. While the Ladder Match between Shawn Michaels and Razor Ramon may have stolen the show, the Hart brothers put on a memorable clinic in their opening match of WrestleMania X.

In the weeks and months leading up to WrestleMania, it became clear that Owen was tired of living in Bret’s shadow. Owen felt that he didn’t get the respect he deserved, and he was going to stop at nothing to gain that respect. At the 1993 Survivor Series, Bret and his brothers Owen, Keith and Bruce took on Shawn Michaels and his Knights in a classic Survivor Series Elimination Match. The Harts dominated, but Owen was the only brother eliminated. He took exception to this and his anger began to mount. Then at the Royal Rumble, Bret and Owen had a chance to win the World Tag Team Championship from The Quebecers. Bret injured his leg during the match, and Owen blamed the loss on Bret being too selfish to make the tag.

Owen demanded the chance to face his brother in a one-on-one match, but Bret kept refusing, until he couldn’t take it any longer. Bret finally gave in and agreed to face his brother at WrestleMania X. Owen had an early advantage and worked on Bret’s injured leg for much of the match, but Bret looked to have things going his way as the match progressed. Bret connected with a bulldog, piledriver and a superplex, but nothing could keep Owen down. Bret tried to send Owen into the corner with an Irish whip, but Owen countered and followed him in. Bret went for a victory roll, but Owen reversed into his own pinning combination and scored the major upset. Bret went on to win the WWE Championship later that night, but it couldn’t change the fact that his baby brother Owen got the best of him at WrestleMania X.

Stone Cold Steve Austin vs. The Rock for the WWE Championship – WrestleMania X-Seven
When one thinks of memorable rivalries during the course of WWE history, the classic encounters between Stone Cold and The Rock have to come to mind. Although the two Superstars have met on several occasions, they took their games to a whole new level at WrestleMania X-Seven in front of a packed house at the Astrodome in Houston.

The Rock came into WrestleMania as the WWE Champion, but the Texas crowd was clearly behind Stone Cold. This was a No Disqualification Match, so things got ugly awfully quick. Almost immediately, the action spilled to the outside as The Rock and Stone Cold battled through the crowd and then back to the ring.

After using any foreign object they could get their hands on such as the ring bell, steel turnbuckles and chairs, it was no wonder that The Rock and Stone Cold both ended up being busted wide open. Despite the loss of blood, both competitors continued battling at a grueling and punishing pace. Just as The Rock was gaining the upper hand, Mr. McMahon came down to ringside and foiled a Rock pin attempt. The Rock chased after Mr. McMahon allowing Stone Cold to take advantage.

Stone Cold nailed The Rock with a chair for a two-count, but then got frustrated and absolutely pummeled his nemesis with a serious of excruciating chair shots, followed by the pin. The sold-out crowd was happy Austin had won, but little did they know that he sold his soul to the devil in an evil partnership with Mr. McMahon in order to get his fifth WWE Championship.

Hulk Hogan vs. Andre the Giant for the WWE Championship – WrestleMania III
Andre the Giant vs. Hulk Hogan may will go down in history as the most anticipated match of all time. This incredible clash of the titans may not have featured any moonsaults or hurricanranas, but the whole world was wondering if Hulk Hogan would be able to overcome his biggest challenge to date.

Hogan and Andre the Giant had been the best of friends. When Hogan first defeated The Iron Sheik for the WWE Championship, Andre was the first one there with the champagne. While Hogan was basking in the limelight of being the new champion, Andre went about his business and also continued to dominate as he came out on top of his rivalry with Big John Studd and won the famous Battle Royal at WrestleMania 2, which included several NFL players. In fact, Andre the Giant was undefeated, but never had an opportunity at the championship.

Andre became sick and tired of Hogan overshadowing his accomplishments, so finally, on an edition of Piper’s Pit, Andre challenged Hogan for his WWE Championship and ripped Hogan’s shirt and cross from his body. Andre went on to add Bobby “The Brain” Heenan, a long-time Hogan adversary, as his manager. WWE fans flocked from all over to break the indoor attendance record at the Pontiac Silverdome, as 93,000-plus were on hand to see if the unstoppable force, Hogan, could overcome the immovable object, Andre.

Hogan let his adrenaline get the best of him early on as he went for a quick bodyslam, but Andre’s massive frame was too much to get up, as the Giant fell on top of Hogan, getting a near three-count in the process. Andre simply overpowered Hogan throughout the early goings of the match and wore him down at a slow and deliberate pace. Hogan attempted a comeback, but it was squashed by Andre and a massive bearhug. Hogan tried to comeback again, but Andre tossed his former friend to the outside and followed him out. With Hogan leaning against the ring post, Andre went for a big headbutt, but Hogan moved causing Andre’s massive head to meet the steel. Hogan was overzealous again, though, and attempted a piledriver on the exposed cement floor. Andre reverses it into a backdrop, doing further damage to Hogan’s back.

When the action returned to the ring, though, Hogan somehow summoned up every ounce of strength that he can, and in one of the most memorable moments in professional wrestling history, Hogan lifted the mighty Giant in the air and executed a bodyslam. One big leg drop later, and Hogan had defied the odds and successfully defended the WWE Championship against Andre the Giant.

Stone Cold Steve Austin vs. Bret “Hit Man” Hart in a Submission Match – WrestleMania 13
This is the match where WWE fans really started to get behind the Texas Rattlesnake. Bret “Hit Man” Hart had started to become increasingly upset that WWE fans were starting to get behind Superstars that defied authority and didn’t follow the same strong moral code that he did. Hart felt the Superstars that fit that description were going to ruin WWE, and no one fit that description more than Stone Cold.

The rivalry had been taken to a new level over the previous weeks, and a simple match wouldn’t be enough to settle the score. A Submission Match was signed and UFC legend Ken Shamrock was brought in as a special referee. The match started out as a vicious brawl right from the outset, however, as Hart and Stone Cold battled on the outside.

Once the action returned to the ring, Hart began to work on Stone Cold’s knee, softening him up for the Sharpshooter. Bret continued to go to work on the leg and locked in a figure four leg lock around the steel ring post. Austin somehow comes back with a slurry and locks in an armbar and a Boston Crab trying to make Hart submit. Austin then tried using Hart’s own move and locked in the Sharpshooter, but the Excellence of Execution was able to counter out of it.

Hart and Austin continued brawling using the ring bell and cables to try and wear each other down. Austin became busted wide open and was bleeding profusely. Hart was able to lock in his Sharpshooter on Austin’s already softened up leg. In a classic WWE moment, Austin is screaming in pain from the Sharpshooter as blood is pouring from his face and onto the mat. Austin refused to give up, but he eventually passed out, and Shamrock declared Hart the winner. Although he had already won, Hart begins beating on Austin even more before Shamrock put an end to it. After seeing such a heroic effort from Austin, the formerly pro-Hart audience became pro-Stone Cold and they never really looked back.
WATCH THIS MATCH NOW*

“Macho Man” Randy Savage vs. Ultimate Warrior in a Retirement Match – WrestleMania VII
With their careers on the line, Randy “Macho Man” Savage and Ultimate Warrior definitely meant business in this WrestleMania classic. Further illustrating the significance of the match, Ultimate Warrior slowly made his way to ringside as it was one of the only times he didn’t sprint to the ring and shake the ring ropes.

Warrior continued his focus and intensity throughout the match, as he went with a startling slow and methodical pace, absolutely punishing Savage. Warrior slipped up, though, and missed a charge into the corner that sent him to the floor. Sensational Sherri took advantage of a distracted referee and laid in some more punishment. Savage followed the Warrior to the floor and sent him into the ring post. The action soon returned to the ring and Savage stayed on the offensive. After a couple of near falls, Savage went to the top rope and hit his patented flying elbow. To make sure he had the Ultimate Warrior down, Savage hit an amazing four more flying elbows!

Any mortal man would not have survived such an onslaught, but the Warrior drew power from all of his Warriors in the crowd and shockingly kicked out of the four elbow drops. The Warrior then rode his momentum and went on the offensive hitting his Gorilla Press Slam and splash, but then Savage inexplicably kicked out at two.

After a brief comeback attempt by Savage, the Warrior sent Savage out to the floor twice with two huge spears, sent him back in, hit a flying shoulder block, sending Savage into retirement in an instant classic.

Kurt Angle vs. Chris Jericho vs. Chris Benoit in a Triple Threat Match for the European and Intercontinental Championships – WrestleMania 2000
Anytime Chris Benoit, Chris Jericho or Kurt Angle are in a match, you’re likely to witness an instant classic, but when you put the three of them in the same match, an instant classic is guaranteed. This was a very unique match in that both the European and Intercontinental Championships were on the line in a Triple Threat Match. It was a two-fall match, and the first fall would decide the Intercontinental Championship and the second fall would decide the European Championship.

Benoit ended up utilizing his swan dive headbutt to pin Chris Jericho to win the first fall and thus became the new Intercontinental Champion. The action continued and Angle went on the offensive, taking out both Benoit and Jericho, but then missed a moonsault. Jericho locked in the Lion Tamer on Angle, before Benoit broke it up. As the match progressed, Jericho hooked in the Lion Tamer on Benoit this time, but Angle came back and knocked Jericho out with the European Championship. Benoit then suplexed Angle, but missed the headbutt. Jericho took advantage and hit the Lion Sault for the pin and the European Championship. Kurt Angle walked in with both championships and lost both championships without even being pinned once.

Edge & Christian vs. The Hardy Boyz vs. The Dudleys in a Tables, Ladders and Chairs Match for the World Tag Team Championship – WrestleMania X-Seven
They say that the original is always better than the sequel but Edge, Christian, The Hardy Boyz and The Dudleys proved that theory wrong when they met for the second year in a row in a Tables, Ladders and Chairs Match for the World Tag Team Championship. Their first encounter in this type of match stole the show at SummerSlam 2000, and the same was the case at WrestleMania X-Seven. While the first TLC Match may have set the bar extremely high, the sequel took it to a whole new level that has yet to be matched.

The Dudleys came in as the champions, but not only would they walk out without the championship, they and the other four competitors found it difficult to just walk out period. Just some of the memorable moments during the match include Edge spearing Matt Hardy off a ladder, Christian falling off a ladder all the way out to the floor and Jeff Hardy walking across the tops of four ladders only to end dangling in mid-air and speared to the floor by Edge. The match also featured interference from Spike Dudley and Rhyno, and Rhyno played a huge role in the outcome.

After Edge speared Jeff Hardy to the floor, Bubba Ray Dudley and Matt Hardy started to climb a ladder, but Rhyno threw them out of the ring sending them crashing into a double stack of tables. Then with a little more help from Rhyno, Edge and Christian beat D-Von to the top to regain the World Tag Team Championship for the seventh time.

Hulk Hogan vs. Ultimate Warrior for the WWE Championship and Intercontinental Championship – WrestleMania VI
This classic encounter was billed as the Ultimate Challenge. Hulk Hogan came in as the WWE Champion and Ultimate Warrior came in as the  Intercontinental Champion. Both championships were on the line in this winner-take-all match. The raucous Toronto SkyDome crowd was clearly torn, as they couldn’t seem to make up their minds on which Superstar to root for.

After a couple of stare-downs and tests of strengths, Hogan had the first major advantage in the match. After a backbreaker, a rear chin lock and a suplex, the Warrior started to make his comeback. He fought back with a series of power moves before going to the mighty bearhug. Hogan managed to fight out of it, but the Warrior eventually came back with the Gorilla Press Slam and the splash, but Hogan became the first person at that time to kick out of the Warrior’s finishing maneuvers.

Hogan then made another comeback and managed to hit the big boot, but his patented leg drop missed as the Warrior moved out of the way. Ultimate Warrior hit a second splash, and this time Hogan couldn’t get up, as the Warrior became both the Intercontinental and WWE Champion. After the match, in a showing of good sportsmanship, Hogan handed over the WWE Championship as the two Superstars embraced in the center of the ring capping off another WrestleMania classic.

Triple H vs. Shawn Michaels vs. Chris Benoit in a Triple Threat Match for the World Heavyweight Championship – WrestleMania XX
This match marked the first time the main event of WrestleMania was a Triple Threat Match. After years of critics saying he could never win the  big one, Chris Benoit entered the 2004 Royal Rumble at No. 1 and outlasted 29 other men to earn a chance at the World Heavyweight Championship at WrestleMania XX. Benoit had been a member of SmackDown! but chose to jump ship to Raw so that he could face Triple H.

Shawn Michaels, however, still had an axe to grind with Triple H. So, during Benoit’s contract signing, HBK knocked Benoit out with Sweet Chin Music and signed the contract himself. To clear things up, the match was then declared a Triple Threat Match.

The end result was an action-packed bloodbath with a happy ending. Benoit, Michaels and Triple H beat each other to the point of exhaustion. As the match progressed, all three competitors found it difficult to merely stand on their own two feet. As Michaels went for the Sweet Chin Music on Benoit, he tossed The Showstopper to the outside. As he turned around, Triple H tried to execute the Pedigree, but Benoit countered it into the Crippler Crossface in the center of the ring. Triple H almost made it to the ropes, but Benoit pulled him back, and The Game tapped out as Benoit’s 18 years of hard work finally paid off. In a classic moment, Benoit celebrated in the middle of the ring afterward with one of his best friends, Eddie Guerrero, as confetti filled Madison Square Garden.
WATCH THIS MATCH NOW*

Hulk Hogan vs. “Macho Man” Randy Savage for the WWE Championship – WrestleMania V
It was the night The Mega Powers exploded. It was two former best friends turned into the worst of enemies. It was the classic scenario of a beautiful woman coming between two men. It was Hulk Hogan vs. Randy “Macho Man” Savage. It was for the WWE Championship, and it was at WrestleMania V.

It was just a year before this match that Hogan helped Savage win the WWE Championship in a tournament at WrestleMania IV. After the win, Hogan and Savage united to form the Mega Powers, one of the most powerful teams in WWE history. Then, on an edition of Saturday Night’s Main Event, the Mega Powers faced The Twin Towers, Akeem & Big Boss Man. During the match, Savage was thrown out of the ring onto Miss Elizabeth, knocking her out. As Savage struggled to recover, Hogan scooped up Elizabeth in his arms and rushed her to the back for medical attention. Instead of going back out to help Savage, Hogan remained by Elizabeth’s side. After the match Savage became consumed with jealousy, thinking that Hogan was going after his woman. Savage stormed to the backstage area where Elizabeth was receiving medical attention and attacked Hogan. The two continued to brawl, tearing the place apart. That set the stage for this classic confrontation.

Elizabeth was so torn on which side to be on, that she ultimately stood in a neutral corner and cheered on both Superstars. From the outset, it was obvious that her presence would be more of a detriment than anything as Savage used her to ward off an attack from Hogan. After that Savage used every trick in the book to try and take out Hogan. Savage shoved Hogan into the steel ring post, busting his head wide open. Savage also utilized the tape around his wrists to try and choke the life out of Hogan. With Hogan gasping for air on the mat, Savage climbed the ropes and landed the flying elbow, but Hogan somehow kicked out.

Hogan completed the comeback by hitting the big boot and the mighty leg drop for the win and his second WWE Championship.

Kurt Angle vs. Chris Benoit – WrestleMania X-Seven
There weren’t any championships on the line in this one, but with two great mat technicians like Kurt Angle and Chris Benoit, all you really need is the ring and they will deliver a stellar match. These two Superstars immediately went into a couple of mat wrestling sequences, illustrating to the crowd their sound, technical backgrounds. Angle was an NCAA and Olympic champion, and Benoit was a graduate of the famed Stu Hart Dungeon.

Angle and Benoit also showed they can back up their mat wrestling with some intense brawling as the action spilled to the outside. Benoit and Angle used the announce tables, the steel steps and everything but the kitchen sink to soften each other up. The two then put on a suplexing clinic before showing the world their array of submission maneuvers. Angle hooked in his ankle lock, but Benoit was able to counter into his own version of the hold. Then Benoit hooked in a submission maneuver and Angle was able to counter in his own version of the hold. After Angle missed a moonsault, Benoit hit his diving headbutt. Both men slowly got to their feet, but Angle hit a low blow and rolled up Benoit for the win. This match definitely had something for everyone.

Bret “Hit Man” Hart vs. “Rowdy” Roddy Piper for the Intercontinental Championship – WrestleMania VIII
This will go down as one of the greatest Intercontinental Championship matches in WWE history. Bret “Hit Man” Hart and “Rowdy” Roddy Piper came into the match as good friends. They even grew up together. In fact, in an interview shortly before the match, Piper reminisced about Bret’s mother Helen making them bologna sandwiches when they were kids. But the Intercontinental Championship was on the line, so that was all thrown out the window.

The crowd was clearly torn in this match, as both Hart and Piper were big fan favorites. This was Piper’s first, and what turned out to be his only, championship in WWE, so he was going to stop at nothing to hold onto the belt. Well, almost nothing.

With the referee knocked out, Piper contemplated using the ring bell to further beat down an already bloodied Hart. After listening to the crowd, however, Piper thought better of it and tried to win the match fair and square. Piper hooked in the sleeper hold, but Hart was able to back Piper up, walk the ropes and roll him up for the pin and the Intercontinental Championship. In a great show of sportsmanship, Piper raised Hart’s arm in victory.
WATCH THIS MATCH NOW*

Stone Cold Steve Austin vs. Shawn Michaels with Mike Tyson as the Special Enforcer for the WWE Championship – WrestleMania XIV
Known for his unpredictable behavior in and out of the ring, no one knew what to expect from special enforcer Mike Tyson. In the weeks leading up to WrestleMania XIV, though, Tyson sided with Shawn Michaels and D-Generation X. But that didn’t bother Stone Cold. Nothing bothered the Texas Rattlesnake.

Triple H and Chyna escorted HBK to ringside, but they were soon sent to the back to ensure that there would be no outside interference. Stone Cold took control early on and began tossing Michaels around from pillar to post and ultimately sent him to the outside where he landed on a table. Michaels soon recovered, however, and sent Stone Cold into the crowd with a back body drop before hitting him with the ring bell. Michaels then went to work on Austin’s leg, wrapping his leg around the ring post before going for the figure four leg lock.

Michaels hit the flying elbow and went in for the kill with the Sweet Chin Music. Stone Cold reversed it into what looked like would be the Stunner, but then Michaels reversed it into what looked like would be the Sweet Chin Music. Then finally, Stone Cold reversed it again into the Stunner as Tyson shocked the world and counted to three as Stone Cold won his first-ever WWE Championship. It also marked Michaels’ last match until his historic comeback of 2002.

Undertaker vs. Triple H – WrestleMania X-Seven
Undertaker came into WrestleMania with an unprecedented record of 8-0. Undertaker had beaten the best of the best at WrestleMania. He had taken out his monstrous brother Kane, Hall of Famer “Superfly” Jimmy Snuka and he beat Sycho Sid for the WWE Championship. Now, he had the Cerebral Assassin, Triple H in front of him.

The Deadman wasted no time in getting to work and put Triple H through the Spanish announce table to start the match. Undertaker hit Old School, but The Game came back with a neckbreaker. After getting frustrated with not being able to pin the Phenom, Triple H went for his trusty sledgehammer, but the ref was able to stop him from using it.

The action soon spilled out to the arena floor as an all-out brawl ensued. Triple H gained the upper hand, using a steel chair to take down Undertaker. The action ended up going to a scaffolding area where Undertaker recovered and chokeslammed Triple H down to the floor. The sledgehammer came into play once again as Undertaker went for the Last Ride. Undertaker got Triple H up, but he nailed the Deadman with the sledgehammer while the ref was knocked out. Triple H pounded on Undertaker in the corner, but he battled out and hit a powerbomb as the ref was revived and counted the 1-2-3.

The Rock vs. Hulk Hogan in an Icon vs. Icon Match – WrestleMania X8
When The Rock challenged Hollywood Hogan in an Icon vs. Icon Match, everyone knew it would be a great match. But no one could have expected the match to provide one of the most electrifying moments in sports-entertainment history. It was a dream match for WWE fans everywhere, as most people thought these two Superstars’ paths would never cross.

At the time, Hogan was still the leader of the nWo, the biggest rule-breakers in the game. Leading up to the match, the nWo even tried to take out The Rock in a car crash. But even with all things considered, the raucous Toronto SkyDome crowd thought back to Hogan’s days as the real American and started cheering for him.

Hogan gained an early advantage, but with the ref knocked out, The Rock hit a spinebuster and locked Hogan in the Sharpshooter. With no ref, though, Hogan couldn’t submit. Hogan bounced back executing The Rock’s own Rock Bottom and used his belt as a foreign object. The crowd didn’t care about his illegal tactics, and seemed to cheer Hogan on louder and louder as the match wore on. After a brief comeback from The Rock, Hogan hit the big boot and a leg drop, but The Rock kicked out at two. Hogan hit another big boot, but The Rock avoided the leg drop. The Rock came back with two Rock Bottoms and a People’s Elbow and won the Icon vs. Icon Match.

Kurt Angle vs. Brock Lesnar for the WWE Championship
WrestleMania XIX
This was one of the most highly anticipated main events in recent memory. Both Kurt Angle and Brock Lesnar came from amazing amateur wrestling backgrounds and clearly knew their way around the ring. Brock Lesnar had the clear size advantage and possessed more power, but Angle had far more experience and was a better mat technician.

The match went back and forth as predicted with both men utilizing their strengths. As the match wore on, Angle went for the Angle Slam. Lesnar was able to escape and went for the F5, but Angle countered and hooked in the ankle lock. Brock powered out and started to mount a comeback, but Angle hit the Angle Slam. Lesnar kicked out at two to stay in the match. Lesnar then hit the F5, but Angle somehow kicked out at two as both men were being pushed to the limit. Angle hooked in the ankle lock again, but Lesnar persevered and came back with another F5. Instead of going for the pin, Lesnar went to the top rope and tried a Shooting Star Press, but he didn’t get enough rotation and landed on his head, while also hitting Angle with a glancing blow. Lesnar somehow shook it off and hit the F5 for the win and the WWE Championship.

Undertaker vs. Kane – WrestleMania XIV
WrestleMania XIV was the first time Undertaker faced his monstrous brother Kane. The Big Red Monster first appeared on the scene when he attacked his brother during his Hell in a Cell Match against Shawn Michaels at Badd Blood in October. Kane took it to another level in January at the Royal Rumble when he and Paul Bearer locked Undertaker in a casket and set it on fire. Miraculously, Undertaker survived and finally got his chance at revenge at WrestleMania XIV.

Pete Rose was the ring announcer for the match, and soon found himself in the clutches of Kane who delivered a Tombstone. Little did Rose know, that he would go on to suffer that same fate at the next two WrestleManias as well. Undertaker made a breathtaking entrance, as druids filled the entrance way and lit the path with torches, holding them high above their heads.

As expected, this was not a clinic in scientific wrestling. Instead it was one of the most brutal brawls you will ever see. After taking the early advantage, Kane hit a chokeslam, but picked up Undertaker to dish out some more punishment. Kane later hit a Tombstone as well, but Undertaker somehow kicked out and mounted a comeback. The comeback was capped off with an unmerciful three Tombstones as Undertaker won the war of the brothers in this WrestleMania classic.

Undertaker vs. Batista – WrestleMania 23
With the World Heavyweight Championship and his 14-0 undefeated WrestleMania streak on the line, The Phenom’s epic encounter against The Animal, Batista, proved to be a battle worthy of the Gods. Twenty-four druids preceded The Deadman as he walked into Ford Field to the eruption of more than 80,000 die-hards of the WWE Universe. Would history be made with Batista ending Undertaker’s undefeated streak? Or would The Phenom prove to be victorious?

Batista tried to gain the advantage right out of the gate with a hard-hitting spear to Undertaker. Trying to inflict as much damage as possible early on, The Animal continued the fight outside of the squared-circle, powerslamming The Phenom onto the announce table. But never one to give up, Undertaker gathered up his strength to kick out of several pin attempts by Batista. Soon, the tides would turn in this back-and-forth battle.

Batista continued to brawl with The Deadman, surviving a Last Ride, and brutal punches. The crowd gasped and cheered as Batista was able to kick out and then deliver a Batista Bomb to The Phenom — ultimately sealing his own fate and cementing his legacy on The Grandest Stage of Them All. But Undertaker had more fight left in him, hitting the Tombstone Piledriver on Batista for the win — and keeping his WrestleMania undefeated streak in tact.

Shawn Michaels vs. Ric Flair, Career-Threatening Match – WrestleMania XXIV
In Orlando, Fla., the WWE Universe witnessed history. Nearly four months prior to WrestleMania, Mr. McMahon gave Ric Flair a “win or retire” ultimatum, but the “Nature Boy” knew that this day would eventually come.

During a battle of two of the most respected and revered Superstars in entertainment, ”Naitch” at times seemed 20 years younger as he battled HBK with the intensity and skill of the Legend he is. At one point, thousands of jaws dropped in the jam-packed Citrus Bowl when Flair trapped Michaels in his trademark Figure-Four Leglock and HBK screamed, seemingly moments away from tapping out. As both legends traded momentum for nearly 20 minutes, it became evident to the WWE Universe why Flair has said he sees traces of himself in HBK.

But ultimately, Michaels outlasted Flair. He gave ”Naitch” what he wanted – his very best in the form of Sweet Chin Music. At first, HBK couldn’t bring himself to unleash Sweet Chin Music and it nearly cost him the match. But he realized during his second and third opportunity that he had to pull the trigger. Flair wanted it that way – no sympathy, no remorse. With tears in his eyes, Flair implored HBK. And with a whisper of “I’m sorry … I love you,” Michaels turned out the lights on Flair’s legendary career.

HBK cradled the “Nature Boy’s” head, whispered in his ear and then left the ring. When Flair was able to rise, the tears welled in his eyes. Maybe he was relieved; maybe he felt tremendously honored. Flair knew he lost to not only a better competitor this night, but to a man he somewhat molded. In many ways, his career was ended by a near carbon copy of himself. And a day after his induction into the 2008 WWE Hall of Fame, the WWE Universe could not ask for anything more.

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Aya Kito

May 27, 2009 · 1 Comment

Aya Kitō (19 July 1962 - 23 May 1988) was a Japanese girl who wrote a diary about her experience with spinocerebellar degeneration disease. Her diary, titled ‘1 Litre of Tears‘ was published shortly before her death and later adopted into a Japanese television drama called Ichi Rittoru no Namida (1 Liter of Tears) and then the film A Litre of Tears.

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Spinocerbellar ataxia

May 27, 2009 · No Comments

Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a genetic disease with multiple types, each of which could be considered a disease in its own right.

Contents

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[edit] Symptoms

Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is one of a group of genetic disorders characterized by slowly progressive incoordination of gait and often associated with poor coordination of hands, speech, and eye movements. Frequently, atrophy of the cerebellum occurs, and different ataxias are known to affect different regions within the cerebellum. [1]
As with other forms of ataxia, SCA results in unsteady and clumsy motion of the body due to a failure of the fine coordination of muscle movements, along with other symptoms.

The symptoms of an ataxia vary with the specific type and with the individual patient. Generally, a person with ataxia retains full mental capacity but may progressively lose physical control.

[edit] Treatment and prognosis

There is no known cure for spinocerebellar ataxia, which is a progressive disease (it gets worse with time), although not all types cause equally severe disability.

Treatments are generally limited to softening symptoms, not the disease itself. The condition can be irreversible. A person with this disease will usually end up needing to use a wheelchair, and eventually they may need assistance to perform daily tasks.

The treatment of incoordination or ataxia, then mostly involves the use of adaptive devices to allow the ataxic individual to maintain as much independence as possible. Such devices may include a cane, crutches, walker, or wheelchair for those with impaired gait; devices to assist with writing, feeding, and self care if hand and arm coordination are impaired; and communication devices for those with impaired speech.

Many patients with hereditary or idiopathic forms of ataxia have other symptoms in addition to ataxia. Medications or other therapies might be appropriate for some of these symptoms, which could include tremor, stiffness, depression, spasticity, and sleep disorders, among others.

Both onset of initial symptoms and duration of disease can be subject to variation. If the disease is caused by a polyglutamine trinucleotide repeat CAG expansion, a longer expansion may lead to an earlier onset and a more radical progression of clinical symptoms.

[edit] Diagnosis

It can be easily misdiagnosed as another neurological condition, such as multiple sclerosis (MS).

The most precise means of identifying SCA, including the specific type, is through DNA analysis. Asymptomatic and at risk family members considering a genetic test should consult with a physician and genetic counselor. An MRI of the brain may also show whether certain regions of the cerebellum have noticeably degenerated, but this is often not the most robust way to provide a diagnosis.

SCA is related to olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA); SCA types 1, 2, and 7 are also types of OPCA. However, not all types of OPCA are types of SCA, and vice versa. This overlapping classification system is both confusing and controversial to some in this field.

[edit] Types

The following is a list of some, not all, types of Spinocerebellar ataxia. The first ataxia gene was identified in 1993 for a dominantly inherited type. It was called “Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1″ (SCA1). Subsequently, as additional dominant genes were found they were called SCA2, SCA3, etc. Usually, the “type” number of “SCA” refers to the order in which the gene was found. At this time, there are at least 29 different gene mutations which have been found (not all listed).

Many SCAs below fall under the category of polyglutamine diseases, which are caused when a disease-associated protein (ie. ataxin-1, ataxin-3, etc.) contains a glutamine repeat beyond a certain threshold. In most dominant polyglutamine diseases, the glutamine repeat threshold is approximately 35, except for SCA3 which is beyond 50. Polyglutamine diseases are also known as “CAG Triplet Repeat Disorders” because CAG is the codon which codes for the amino acid glutamine. Many prefer to refer to these also as polyQ diseases since “Q” is the one-letter reference for glutamine.

SCA Type Average Onset
(Range in Years)
Average Duration
(Range in Years)
What the patient experiences Common origin Problems
with DNA
SCA1[2] (ATXN1) 4th decade
(60)
15 years
(10-28)
Hypermetric saccades, slow saccades, upper motor neuron
(note: saccades relates to eye movement)
CAG repeat, 6p (Ataxin 1)
SCA2[3] (ATXN2) 3rd - 4th decade
(60)
10 years
(1-30)
Diminished velocity saccades
areflexia (absence of neurologic reflexes)
Cuba CAG repeat, 12q
SCA3[4] (MJD) (ATXN3) 4th decade
(10-70)
10 years
(1-20)
Also called Machado-Joseph disease (MJD)[5]
Gaze-evoked nystagmus (a rapid, involuntary, oscillatory motion of the eyeball)
upper motor neuron
slow saccades
Azores
(Portugal)
CAG repeat, 14q
SCA4 (PLEKHG4) 4th - 7th decade
(19-72)
Decades areflexia (absence of neurologic reflexes) Chromosome 16q
SCA5 (SPTBN2) 3rd - 4th decade
(10-68)
>25 years Pure cerebellar Chromosome 11
SCA6[6] (CACNA1A) 5th - 6th decade
(19-71)
>25 years Downbeating nystagmus, positional vertigo
Symptoms can appear for the first time as late as 65 years old.
CAG repeat, 19p
Calcium channel gene
SCA7[7] (ATXN7) 3rd - 4th decade
(0.5 - 60)
20 years
(1-45; early onset correlates with shorter duration)
Macular degeneration, upper motor neuron, slow saccades CAG repeat, 3p (Ataxin 7)
SCA8[8] (IOSCA) 39 yrs
(18-65)
Normal lifespan Horizontal nystagmus (a rapid, involuntary, oscillatory motion of the eyeball) CTG repeat, 13q
SCA10[9] (ATXN10) 36 years 9 years ataxia, seizures Mexico Chromosome 22q linked
pentanucleotide repeat
SCA11 30 yrs
(15-70)
Normal lifespan Mild, remain ambulatory (able to walk about on one’s own) 15q
SCA12[10] (PPP2R2B) 33 yrs
(8-55)
Head and hand tremor,
akinesia (loss of normal motor function, resulting in impaired muscle movement)
CAG repeat, 5q
SCA13 Childhood or adulthood depending on mutation Depending on KCNC3 (a kind of gene) Mental retardation 19q
SCA14[11] (PRKCG) 28 yrs
(12-42)
Decades
(1-30)
Myoclonus (a sudden twitching of muscles or parts of muscles, without any rhythm or pattern, occurring in various brain disorders) 19q
SCA16 39 yrs
(20-66)
1-40 years Head and hand tremor 8q
SCA17 (TBP) CAG repeat, 6q (TATA-binding protein)
SCA19, SCA22 Mild cerebellar syndrome, dysarthria
SCA25 1.5-39 yrs Unknown ataxia with sensory neuropathy, vomiting and gastrointestinal pain. 2p

Others include SCA18, SCA20, SCA21, SCA23, SCA26, SCA28, and SCA29.

Four X-linked types have been described (302500, 302600, 301790, 301840), but only the first of these has so far been tied to a gene (SCAX1).

[edit] Inheritance

The hereditary ataxias are categorized by mode of inheritance and causative gene or chromosomal locus. The hereditary ataxias can be inherited in an autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked manner.

  • Many types of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias are now known for which specific genetic information is available. Synonyms for autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias (ADCA) used prior to the current understanding of the molecular genetics were Marie’s ataxia, inherited olivopontocerebellar atrophy, cerebello-olivary atrophy, or the more generic term “spinocerebellar degeneration.” (Spinocerebellar degeneration is a rare inherited neurological disorder of the central nervous system characterized by the slow degeneration of certain areas of the brain. There are three forms of spinocerebellar degeneration: Types 1, 2, 3. Symptoms begin during adulthood.)
  • There are five typical autosomal recessive disorders in which ataxia is a prominent feature: Friedreich ataxia, ataxia-telangiectasia, ataxia with vitamin E deficiency, ataxia with oculomotor apraxia (AOA), spastic ataxia. Disorder Subdivisions: Friedreich’s ataxia, Spinocerebellar ataxia, Ataxia telangiectasia, Vasomotor ataxia, Vestibulocerebellar, Ataxiadynamia, Ataxiophemia, Olivopontocerebellar atrophy, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
  • There have been reported cases where a polyglutamine expansion may lengthen when passed down, which often can result in an earlier age-of-onset and a more severe disease phenotype for individuals who inherit the disease allele. This falls under the category of genetic anticipation.

[edit] Notable cases

Sufferers from the disease include:

[edit] References

  1. ^ Genes and Disease at nlm.nih.gov - Gives a concise description of SCA, along with a picture of shrunken degenerated cerebellum.
  2. ^ sca1 at NIH/UW GeneTests
  3. ^ sca2 at NIH/UW GeneTests
  4. ^ sca3 at NIH/UW GeneTests
  5. ^ machado_joseph at NINDS
  6. ^ sca6 at NIH/UW GeneTests
  7. ^ sca7 at NIH/UW GeneTests
  8. ^ sca8 at NIH/UW GeneTests
  9. ^ sca10 at NIH/UW GeneTests
  10. ^ sca12 at NIH/UW GeneTests
  11. ^ sca14 at NIH/UW GeneTests

[edit] External links

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One litre of tears

May 9, 2009 · 1 Comment

1 rittoru no namida (1リットルの涙 ,Ichi rittoru no namida?, lit. “1 Litre of Tears“; also called A Diary with Tears or A Diary of Tears) is a Japanese television drama for Fuji Television about a girl who was diagnosed with an incurable degenerative disease at 15, but was able to continue her life until her death at the age of 25.

The drama is an adaptation of the diary of a Japanese girl named Aya Kitō, who suffered from spinocerebellar ataxia. She began keeping a diary at the suggestion of her doctor, and continued to write until she could no longer hold a pen. The diary, titled 1 rittoru no namida, was published shortly before her death. Although some of the characters and situations are fictionalized in this television version, the dialogue frequently draws directly from Aya Kitô’s own words. Moreover, each episode concludes with a narrated diary excerpt, framed with photographs from various stages in Kitô’s life, before and after her diagnosis. The screenplay thus attempts to balance between faithfully working with actual text from the book, 1 rittoru no namida, while also inventing situational contexts so as to portray the struggles of the book’s characters in dramatic scenarios. The character Haruto Asô, for example, does not exist in the original diary; however, as a fictional character created for this series, he provides an important mechanism through which Aya’s inner feelings, the diary’s language on a page, can become more fully actualized as part of a day-to-day narrative.

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[edit] Synopsis

The story begins as Aya prepares for the new semester. Despite being happy, she suffers from slight physical problems, which only her mother seems to notice. However, one day, she falls unconsciously on the floor. After she is sent to the hospital, she is shortly diagnosed with the disease. Despite the fact that she is diagnosed with the terminal illness, she does not lose the will to survive.

She still makes friends with others, including her first love, Yuji. She later develops an interest in Haruto. Although somewhat cold, Haruto was still kind to her. Meanwhile, her health continues to deteriorate. Knowing that she will not survive for long, she returns the gift Haruto has given, who discovers the fact when he reads the love letter that Aya gave him.

Aya Kitō proved her courage and positive attitude towards an uncertain future when suffering such an illness, spinocerebellar ataxia. The drama spans a decade, during which she graduates from school while her conditions worsen.

This drama examines the complex range of feelings that patient, family, friends, and the general community, undergo during the painful process when someone so young is diagnosed with a terminal disease. In doing so, the script considers particularly the domestic situation of caring for an ill relative who requires specialized attention, but it also critiques general attitudes towards the disabled in Japanese society. Every new day for Aya means accepting new obstacles and new losses. Therefore, most importantly, this series commemorates the indomitable spirit who wrote a “record of a girl who was chosen by this strange disease.”

[edit] Episodes

This tells when the classmates of Aya started to complain about her disease and how it is causing them to be late for class. After this incident, Aya decided to go to disabled school. Before she left, she told her classmate she will only shed one liter of tears because she knows that crying will not help her cure her disease. Crying will waste her time. Her classmates was embarassed of what they did.

# Title Original airdate
1 “The Beginning of my Youth”
(ある青春の始まり)
October 11, 2005
This drama starts right before Aya is confronted with the illness, Spinocerebellar Degeneration, in which the nerve cells of areas necessary for the human body to move and balance – including the cerebellum, brain stem, and spinal cord – transform and eventually disappear.

The opening scene, something of a tribute to the first moments of Kurosawa Akira’s Ikiru, juxtaposes MRI scans of an SCD brain with sequences of Aya, for one of the last times, playing a skilled game of basketball. Mizuno, who will become Aya’s physician, describes the cellular structure of the brain in a very textbook fashion; this kind of discourse contrasts with the energetic, teenage thrill that Aya and her teammates experience in winning their basketball game. This kind of contrast will become an important theme in the dramatic ambience of this story: where do personal tragedies and empirical research interconnect? Mizuno’s entire career has been an emotional tug of war between the sober view of scientific pathology and the emotional intimacy of his patient’s inevitable deaths.

Ikeuchi Aya (Sawajiri Erika), a 15 year old girl, is the eldest daughter in a normal Japanese family. She lives with her reliable mother, Shioka, who works as a nutritionist, her father, Mizuo, the wacky owner of a tofu shop, her quiet younger brother, Hiroki, and two younger sisters, the sarcastic Ako and innocent Rika. On the day of her high school entrance exam, she left the house full of energy, but she missed her stop to get off the bus and walk to her high school because she fell asleep. She quickly got off and ran from the bus in the rain when she discovered she was late. She slipped, fell down and injured her knee. At that time, she met Haruto Aso, who was trying to skip the exam. He gave her a ride to school, the administrators allowed them to take the exam (despite the fact that Haruto was uninterested in taking it), which they both later passed.

The new semester began, Aya and Haruto were in the same class, and both were elected as the representative of their class. Aya also joined the basketball team, and was reunited with the boy who she was fond of from the male basketball team. Just as she was beginning to enjoy her high school days, Aya starts to experience some physical difficulties. She always dropped food from her chopsticks, could not estimate the distance of the objects in front of her, could not pour water into a cup without spilling it, and occasionally wobbled while walking. Her mother, Shioka, who was the only one to notice the physical changes in Aya, started to worry about what was going on.

One day, Aya is about to leave home as usual. When she starts to run, she trips over her own feet and falls. She couldn’t protect herself with her arms while falling, causing her to land on her face - making her bleed heavily. This injury soon reveals the existence of Aya’s fateful disease.

Shioka, because of her training as a health consultant, possesses a degree of observation that the other drama characters do not. What disturbed her about Aya’s fall was that, as Aya fell forward, she did not instinctively throw out her hands to break the fall, as people normally would do. Hence, she landed hard on her chin, because her body did not automatically move to support her. Shioka relates this detail to Dr Mizuno who, with a decade of neurological experience, immediately suspects something terrible is wrong. He orders MRI scans to be conducted–the ones in fact we see in this episode’s opening sequence–which provide unequivocal proof that Aya’s brain is, in fact, dying. In a rather matter-of-fact manner, he tells Shioka to prepare for the worst: accept the cruelty of this disorder, and make preparations immediately. Aya will, inch by inch, lose control of her body, even as her mind remains intact and terrified.

Mizuno’s brusque demeanour, as will be related in a later episode, is the culmination of having seen many young patients pass away over his career. In his mind, the only option for the future is to be fully aware of the seriousness of the present.

2 “15 years old, sickness that steals up”
(15才、忍びよる病魔)
October 18, 2005
Shioka, as a mother, refuses to accept both the diagnosis at face value, as well as Mizuno’s order to tell Aya she’s terminally ill. Shioka agrees to give Aya the medicine, but requests the scans so that she can seek out another opinion. Mizuno, with his usual bluntness, tells her that the best option is to be absolutely honest, immediately. But Shioka resists the prognosis. In fact, although she keeps up a cheerful face at home, a vicious debate rages inside: Aya has just started at a prestigious new high school and is excelling on their basketball team. Is she not entitled to some semblance of a normal teenager’s life before being irrecoverably burdened with the truth of her illness? Can she just not wait a little longer to preserve her optimism and innocence? Because, to acknowledge the SCD, one does not simply learn about a diagnosis, but one must prepare for an extremely saddening cycle of decay: accepting SCD means to wake up every day worrying how it will bring a new phase of decline and despair. So, for the meantime, Shioka decides not to tell Aya the truth. Instead, she falsely informs Aya that she is experiencing a minor malfunctioning of her peripheral nerves, and that this is common for teenagers. For now, Shioka chooses the comfort of a lie, over the harshly unbearable of the truth.
3 “Why did the illness choose me?”
(病気はどうして私を選んだの)
October 25, 2005
As Shioka and Mizuo contemplate about letting Aya know the truth about her disease, Aya continues her High School life - conducting in the choir competition and playing club basketball. While on a date with Kawamoto-senpai, Aya notices a temporary loss in mobility. Throughout the episode, Aya begins to temporarily lose more bodily functions, and begins to space out more often. Because the parents are the only people who know of Aya’s condition, the children begin to feel irritated and left out as Shioka and Mizuo devote most of their attention to Aya.
4 “The Loneliness of Two”
(二人の孤独)
November 1, 2005
5 “A disabled person’s notebook”
(障害者手帳)
November 8, 2005
6 “Heartless glances”
(心ない視線)
November 15, 2005
At soccer practice, Aya’s little brother gets bullied by fellow teammates. They make fun of Aya, and he doesn’t fight back. Aya’s younger sister criticizes her brother for not standing up for Aya.
7 “The place where I am”
(私のいる場所)
November 22, 2005
8 “1 Litre of Tears”
(1リットルの涙)
November 29, 2005
9 “I live now”
(今を生きる)
December 6, 2005
10 “Love Letter”
(ラブレター)
December 13, 2005
Aya begins to lose her speech abilities, though she managed to graduate from the disability school. Although she is invited to her former teacher’s wedding, she fails to alert Haruto. He shows up anyway and is given a “love letter”. The letter describes Aya’s frustration at not being able to return Haruto’s devotion because of her condition. In the letter, she breaks up with Haruto because she feels that she’s a burden on him. This causes Haruto to return into the shell that he was previously in.
11 “Faraway, to the place where tears are exhausted”
(遠くへ、涙の尽きた場所に)
December 20, 2005
This powerful drama concludes in a final episode that chronicles the most serious decline in Aya’s motor skills due to her condition.

Aya’s ability to control a pen is deteriorating rapidly; she continues writing in her diary, but the process has become intensely cumbersome. However, Takano, a volunteer at Aya’s school for the disabled, has been publishing excerpts of her work in various magazines, gradually attracting a wider audience, of which will number in the millions after Aya’s death. Asô, at Aya’s request, has broken off all contact–but he keeps her love letter, and symbolic dolphin pendent, in his desk where he studies in pursuit of a medical career.

The quick progress of Aya’s sickness shocks Mizuno and his colleagues. Aware that she more and more resembles others who have succumbed to the disease, Aya acknowledges that every day, a large piece of her dies, in terms of the use of her body. Mizuno pursues his research goals, but the results have been insufficient. He struggles between a general sense of hopelessness against an indomitable illness, and the courageous example set by Aya, which inspires him to fight for a cure in his scientific work. Nonetheless, the general hospital community expresses concern that the time and money spent in looking for a cure might be better invested elsewhere.

Life for the Ikeuchi family continues–and they find many inventive strategies to include Aya in the family narrative. Rika draws pictures of the tôfu shop, and their shiba dog, Ganmo, to keep Aya company. But signs of Aya’s rapid degeneration are everywhere: she needs a bib to eat, her speech is increasingly slurred, and her general mobility impaired. Nonetheless, the family strives to treasure every moment as unique and special. Ako’s artistic talents have become considerable, and she has won a local competition for an oil portrait, based on the photograph taken in episode one. It is now hung in Aya’s high school, where Ako studies hard in honour of her sister. The family, at Aya’s request, make a brief visit to the school–where Aya experiences a rush of flashbacks which remind her of what she now considers her older, lost self. Hauntingly, Aya overhears a school choir practising the same song which she herself had conducted five years ago. Rather than pity the vast difference in her physical changes, Aya expresses thank you in her heart for the memories.

One day, admiring the blossoms in a potted plant given to her by Asô, Aya steps out of bed to go water the buds. But she collapses immediately: despite her intense efforts at rehabilitation therapy, she has lost all ability to walk. This is the moment that she has long dreaded, as she knows this will be a depressing marker in regards to the severity of her illness and its eventual outcome. Aya’s friends and relatives respond in different ways to the harsh reality. Shioka tells Aya, “I’m strong enough to carry you!” but she expresses private frustration at her own uselessness. Asô’s father stands outside Aya’s room, but never enters. He sadly thinks about how cruel and anonymous fate is, and Aya’s father gradually grows tired and no longer able to repress his emotions. Aya’s own panic and fear intensify; she croaks out to her mom: “Kowai!” I’m scared. But, remembering her mother’s encouragement to share her feelings, she says earnestly that writing will be her reason for living. As long she can write, she will survive and hope–through writing, she will find a reason to live. “Writing is evidence that I am still alive,” she explains.

Asô overhears a group of medical students speaking awkwardly to Aya; and he politely rebukes them for not showing the kind of professional care that a real doctor most possess. (A theme of this drama is how society attempts to integrate, shun, or experiment with disabled persons. Asô, who has come out of his reclusive shell, now understands that art and compassion are as important as science and data.) Asô and Dr Mizuno have a personal discussion about the medical profession: a doctor must be detached, yet cannot help but feel the pain of his patient. That, for Dr Mizuno, has been the curse and blessing of his job: his patients, despite his best efforts, become part of his personal life, encouraging and inspiring him by their example, but breaking his heart with their death. Dr Mizuno recognises that, for Asô, Aya will always be a part of his future, both in love and in medicine. Mizuno paraphrases Aya when he says, “A doctor must never give up.” Mizuno, in a gesture of one doctor to a future one, gives Asô a postcard addressed to Aya, written by a young high school girl who has the same disease.

Asô, despite Aya’s request in the letter, pays one last visit to see her. He does not attempt to give her false hope or deny the horror of her condition; instead, he reads to her the postcard, to prove to Aya that her oft-stated wish–to help people–has been fulfilled in ways she could have never predicted. The postcard describes how Aya’s words encouraged not to dwell on death, but to fight with all of her soul in the present moment. Aya uses all of her strength to push the bedcurtains aside and look on Asô once more. She says, “Even though I cannot walk . . . I’ve helped people. I’ve helped people!”

But the relentless cruelty of Aya’s disease does not slow down. She is clearly nearing the point where any voluntary movement will become impossible. Thus Dr Mizuno, approving Aya’s request, allows her to make a return home for Christmas. The family decides that, since this will most likely be the clan’s last time together as one at home, that they will fill the time with as much love and joy as possible. In the spirit that marks the Ikeuchi family throughout the series, they chose joy over sorrow, to make a holiday of gratitude rather than regrets. In this way, Shioka reads a letter written by Aya, as she hands out gifts from her. Shioka explains, through Aya’s writing, that each gift has a special symbolic value. In fact, every item includes a story addressed to each family member, which describes both Aya’s sense of apology but also gratitude, in appreciation for the sacrifices unique to each of her siblings. This occasion will be the last time that they will spend together in such happiness.

Aya continues to become more and more incapacitated: in a moment foreshadowed in earlier episodes, she must now use a hiragana-card to spell out what she can non longer pronounce.

Asô and his father have their first honest, non-judgmental conversation, words which mark a very defining shift in their relationship. Asô’s father acknowledges that he has transposed his regrets over his son’s death onto Asô, and unfairly pushed him in his career options. Moreover, he also admits that his advice to avoid Aya had meant to be helpful. But he knows now that only Asô can truly understand what should be done in terms of his obvious love for Aya. No one can advise him. Asô recalls some of the nihilistic things he said to Aya when they first met.

To make amends, and to tell Aya how he now appreciates the true beauty of life more because of her, Asô visits Aya for the last filmed occasion. Snow is falling quietly, and the air is chilled. (The weather is now an objective correlative to the song ‘Konayuki’, or ‘Powdered Snow’ by Remioromen, which has consistently been Asô and Aya’s special theme music throughout the series. The camera zooms in through the flurries to show Asô at Aya’s bedside.)

Aya finds it too cumbersome to spell out words, so she points to her diaries, and asks Asô to read them aloud. While Asô recites passages from Aya’s diary (actual passages in fact from the real-life Kitô Aya), Aya slowly falls asleep as a montage of memories fills her mind: of her meeting with Asô, of carefree school days, but also horrible moments, such as when she couldn’t operate the phone to call her mother. When Asô reaches the word ‘atashi’ [feminine 'I'], the voicing shifts over to Aya, who narrates her own summary as to how society has treated her, and how she has treated herself, because of her disability. Asô finishes all of the diaries, sobbing, with Aya’s line, “Kekkon dekiru?” “Will I be able to get married?” Aya then falls asleep exhausted: a dream of her playing basketball fills her with peace. In her dreams, she sees Asô, set in a deliberate reconsideration of a historical encounter earlier. In the factual encounter, Aya was struggling to make a basket, because her illness had robbed her of the ability to throw a ball effectively. Asô had to help her clean up the dozens of balls which had fallen short of their target, a sign of Aya’s failing body. However, now in her dream near death, she can score each basket beautifully–and Asô looks on, lovingly.

The dream sequence, however, violently ends as an alarm bell sounds in the hospital ward. The timeline has accelerated five years, and Aya’s condition is now very critical. Dr Mizuno attempts to revive her, but the true cruelty of the disease, the slowly encroaching moment of death, has finally come. The family screams out her name in the night.

A year later, Aya’s parents are visiting her grave during o-Bon. They are surprised to find Dr Mizuno there, but he assures them of how incredibly important Aya had been to him both as a doctor and as a person. Indeed, most poignantly, it is Dr Mizuno–who throughout the series has been rather hardened and clinical due to his years of experience with this illness–that now offers the final and most heartfelt summary of Aya’s specialness. He says, simply, “She was a great person.” With those words, in the final scene, the camera pans to reveal a massive parade of people in funeral attire walking up the hillside–some sick, others healthy but all bearing roses to lay on Aya’s gravemarker. Aya *is* a great person: her words live on. Aya didn’t write for literary fame, to win acclaim or the Akutagawa Prize, or for money. She wrote, because as she said, “My writing is proof that I am alive.” By documenting her own unique spirit, both its horrors and its bravery, Aya made such an extraordinary impact. Thus, the final scene proves how Kitô Aya’s real-life diary can be understood as quantifiably apparent by the waves of human gratitude, real people, who have come to say, “Thank you, Aya.”

sp “Special Drama of 1 Litre of Tears: Memory”
(「1リットルの涙」特別篇‧追憶)
April 7, 2007

[edit] Special episode

On April 5, 2007, Fuji Television aired a three hour special of the series set half a year after Aya’s death and focuses on Haruto Asō, who has now become a doctor at the same hospital Aya was treated in and Ako Ikeuchi, Aya’s younger sister who is a training nurse. Haruto meets a 14-year-old female patient, who was bullied in school because of her disease, the same one that Aya had. Because of the bullying from school, Mizuki-chan decides not to receive therapy of any sort that would make her better, and she looses her will to live. It reminds Haruto of how Aya fought her illness and lived her life with her condition so he supports the patient. Aya reappears in the episode using a number of flashbacks from the series and in new scenes.[1]

[edit] Cast

[edit] Alternate versions of this drama

Indonesian Production House SinemArt’s[2] drama, titled Buku Harian Nayla[3] (Nayla’s Diary), is plagiarizing 1 Litre of Tears. The series bears some striking resemblances, like the name “Aya” being replaced with “Nayla” (Chelsea Olivia) and Moses (Ralph Glenn Alinskie) in place of Asou. The series aired in RCTI as a special Christmas series. The comparison between the two series have been discussed by the show’s audience[4]. The scenario was written by Serena Luna (or sometimes called Chevyra Edenia).

Indonesian fans of 1 Litre no Namida have reported this admitted plagiarism problem to Fuji TV and the Indonesian mass media, but there has yet to be a response. What most upsets them is that RCTI failed to credit or acknowledge Fuji TV and 1 Litre of Tears, from which the story is presumed to have been adapted, and noted that “This story is fictitious: the similarities of names, characters, places, and times are purely coincidental.”

Amrita TV is to dub 1 Litre no Namida. and Chinese Drama Tears of Happiness based on drama

[edit] Broadcasts

[edit] Japan

Original run: October 11, 2005 – December 20, 2005
Theme song(s): Only Human by K
Konayuki (Powdered Snow ?) and Sangatsu Kokonoka (9 March ?) by Remioromen
Some theme songs by Susumu Ueda

[edit] Hong Kong

Original run: October 15, 2005 – December 30, 2006
Theme song(s): Stubborn (固執) by Jason Chan (TV)
Xiang Ai Bu Xiang Ai (想愛不相愛) by Ivana Wong (Movie)

[edit] Indonesian

Original run: May 4, 2007 – May 18, 2007
Theme song(s): Only Human by K
Konayuki (粉雪 ?) and Sangatsu Kokonoka (3月9日 ?) by Remioromen

[edit] Taiwan

Original run: July 2, 2007 – July 18, 2007
Theme song(s): Only Human by K
Konayuki (粉雪 ?) and Sangatsu Kokonoka (3月9日 ?) by Remioromen

[edit] Malaysia

Original run: August 4, 2007 – October 20, 2007
Channel and time slot: 8TV, Saturdays, 6 pm - 7 pm
Theme song(s): Only Human by K
Konayuki (粉雪 ?) and Sangatsu Kokonoka (3月9日 ?) by Remioromen

[edit] Thailand

Original run: May 5, 2008 - June 9, 2008
Channel and time slot: Thai PBS, Mondays & Tuesdays, 8.30 pm - 9.30 pm
Theme song(s): Only Human by K
Konayuki (粉雪 ?) and Sangatsu Kokonoka (3月9日 ?) by Remioromen

[edit] Philippines

Original run: May 18, 2009
Channel and time slot: GMA Network, Monday - Friday 10:00 pm
Theme song(s): TBA

[edit] References

[edit] External links

Ichi Rittoru no Namida
Genre Drama, school, romance
Starring Erika Sawajiri
Hiroko Yakushimaru
Ryō Nishikido
Takanori Jinnai
Ending theme Only Human (K)
Country of origin Japan
Language(s) Japanese
No. of episodes 11 (List of episodes)
Production
Producer(s) Satoko Kashikawa
Broadcast
Original channel Fuji Television
Original run October 11, 2005 – December 20, 2005

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Attic Cat

March 29, 2009 · No Comments

Rooftop Room Cat (aka Attic Cat or Cat on the Roof) is a South Korean comedy show with light touches of drama about friendship, love and the fine line that separates the two. It was based on the internet novel written by the writer of the comedy show Full House. It was also aired in the Philippines via the GMA Network, and in the U.S. via AZN Television.

Contents

[hide]

[edit] Overview

Jung Eun is an old friend of Hye Ryun. Because Kyung Min is really desperate, he decided to take it upon himself to help Hye Ryun’s poor friend. This is the beginning of an extremely volatile friendship that somehow ended with the two of them living together under one roof, to be more specific, living on top of the roof of an old building.

This romantic setting provides the backdrop of this unlikely love story. Kyung Min’s bratty ways clashes with Jung Eun’s simple living. He is steadily taking advantage of her kindness and good nature.

[edit] Story

Kyung Min is an orphan who was raised by his grandparents. His parents died many years ago in an accident. Both his grandparents love him very much. His grandmother especially so and accords to everything he does. As a result he is spoiled and immature. He is a law student and lives in his own apartment funded by his rich grandparents money. Kyung Min likes a girl called Hye Ryun who is also rich and studying law with him. Hye Ryun pays Kyung Min no attention.

Jung Eun comes from a humble background. Her father is a policeman and her mother a housewife. Jung Eun is self-proclaimed to be not very bright and has failed the employment examination repeatedly. As a result, it is difficult for her to find a job. However, she remains optimistic about her future.

One day, Jung Eun’s family decides to move to another town, away from Seoul. Jung eun is shocked and disapproves of the idea, however, under the patriarchal society of Korea, she has no choice. She secretly rents an attic room in an old building, however, before she can pay the deposit her immature younger brother finds her bank account booklet and steals the hard-earned money she has earned from her daily paper deliveries. Jung Eun is outraged and worries that her desire to remain in Seoul is shattered.

Jung Eun and Hye Ryun are friends from High School. One day Jung Eun borrowed Hye Ryun’s library card and used the university’s library’s facilities. She accidentally takes Kyung Min’s seat and drools over his books while she slept, tired from studying. Kyung Min returns to his seat disgusted at her actions. Jung Eun apologises and leaves. Later, Kyung Min’s friend accidentally takes his folder without informing Kyung Min. Kyung Min, believing that Jung Eun stole his folder, goes and chases Jung Eun down and demands she open her bag. Jung Eun defends herself by stating that she did not steal his folder. Their verbal disagreement turns in physical as Kyung Min grabs her bag and the contents are spilt out. KYung Min realises his mistake and quickly gathers the things back in her back. Jung Eun walks off in a huff.

Soon, Jung Eun returns Hye Ryun’s card and they have lunch in the cafeteria. AS they chat, this was incidentally seen by KYung Min. Kyung Min forms an idea. A few days later, he sees Jung Eun in the University park and decides to befriend her in order for Jung Eun to whisper favourable words to Rye Hyun. Kyung Min deceptively slips that he is Hye Ryun’s friends. Knowing this, Jung Eun reasons that since he is HYe Ryun’s friend, then he cant be too harmful. Due to Kyung Min’s regrettable attitude, Jung Eun decides to trust Kyung Min and they become friends. As they get to know each other, Jung Eun pours out her finance woes to Kyung Min due to her brother’s theft and the resulting inability to pay the deposit for the attic house. Kyung Min, keen to be nice to Jung Eun, lends his money to Jung Eun.

[edit] Cast

[edit] Staff

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

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Wrestlemania XXV

March 26, 2009 · 1 Comment

WrestleMania XXV, also promoted as The 25th Anniversary of WrestleMania,[3] is a forthcoming professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), which is scheduled to take place on April 5, 2009 at the Reliant Stadium in Houston, Texas.[4] The event will be the 25th event produced under the WrestleMania name and will feature wrestlers from all three WWE brands: Raw, SmackDown, and ECW.[5] It will be the second WrestleMania held in Houston, with the first being WrestleMania X-Seven at the Reliant Astrodome, which was held in 2001. There are currently nine matches scheduled on the event’s card.

Contents

[hide]

Background

WrestleMania will feature professional wrestling matches that involve different wrestlers from pre-existing scripted feuds, plots, and storylines that will be played out on Raw, Friday Night SmackDown, and ECW on Sci FiWorld Wrestling Entertainment’s (WWE) primary television programs. Wrestlers will portray a villain or a hero as they follow a series of events that build tension, and culminate into a wrestling match or series of matches.[6] The event will feature wrestlers from WWE’s Raw, SmackDown, and ECW brands—a storyline division in which WWE employees are assigned to a television program of the same name.[7]

Randy Orton, who will be challenging for the WWE Championship at WrestleMania XXV.

At the 2009 Royal Rumble pay-per-view event in January, Randy Orton won the Royal Rumble match, a thirty-man over-the-top-rope elimination style match. Per the stipulation of the match, Orton was given the opportunity to choose to wrestle for the WWE, World Heavyweight, or ECW Championship at WrestleMania.[8] At the start of 2009, Orton began to feud with the McMahon family. During this rivalry, Orton punted the heads of both Vince and Shane McMahon as well as performing an RKO on Stephanie McMahon. Orton’s attack on Stephanie prompted the WWE Champion Triple H to come to Stephanie’s aid.[9] On the February 20 episode of SmackDown, Triple H spoke on Orton’s actions, admitting his real life links to the McMahon family through his marriage with Stephanie.[10] On the March 2 episode of Raw, Orton was convinced by Triple H to use his title opportunity in a singles match for the WWE Championship at WrestleMania.[11]

Following the main event of the March 2 edition of Raw, SmackDown general manager Vickie Guerrero announced that her (kayfabe) husband Edge would defend his World Heavyweight Championship against The Big Show at WrestleMania.[11] An official contract signing was intended to be held on the following episode of SmackDown. However, John Cena, from whom Edge won the World Heavyweight Championship at No Way Out, interfered with the signing before whispering a message in Vickie’s ear.[12] On the March 9 episode of Raw, Vickie announced to the surprise of Edge and Big Show that Cena would be in the match making it a Triple Threat match, a standard wrestling match involving three wrestlers. Cena then later revealed that he told Vickie he knew about her affair with the Big Show, revealing secret camera footage of the two.[13]

On the February 16 episode of Raw, Shawn Michaels challenged John “Bradshaw” Layfield to a match the following week, with the winner advancing to WrestleMania to challenge The Undertaker and his WrestleMania undefeated streak.[9] Vladimir Kozlov (Oleg Prudius) also made a challenge for The Undertaker to a match at WrestleMania as announced on the February 20 episode of SmackDown by Vickie Guerrero.[10] On the February 23 episode of Raw, Michaels defeated Layfield in a singles match, but it was later announced that Kozlov would face Michaels the next week on Raw for the right to challenge The Undertaker.[14] Michaels defeated Kozlov that following week.[11]

The fifth annual Money in the Bank ladder match was announced for WrestleMania XXV on the February 23 episode of Raw. In this match, eight participants from all three WWE brands will compete to retrieve a briefcase (using a ladder) that is suspended above the ring with a cable. The briefcase holds a storyline contract in which the holder will be able to exchange it for a WWE, World Heavyweight, or ECW Championship match at any time or location of his choosing up until one year.[15] Qualifying matches began on the February 23 episode of Raw, in which CM Punk qualified by defeating The Miz (Mike Mizanin) and John Morrison (John Hennigan) in a Triple Threat match.[14] On the March 2 episode of Raw, Kane (Glenn Jacobs) defeated Rey Mysterio and Mike Knox (Michael Hettinga) in a Triple Threat match.[11] On the March 3 episode of ECW on Sci-Fi, Mark Henry qualified for the match by defeating Santino Marella (Anthony Carelli).[16] Both Montel Vontavious Porter (MVP) (Alvin Burke, Jr.) and Shelton Benjamin qualified for the match on the March 6 edition of SmackDown, defeating Matt Hardy and Jeff Hardy in respective singles matches.[12] On the March 9 edition of Raw, Kofi Kingston qualified by defeating Chris Jericho.[13]Christian qualified the following night on ECW on Sci-Fi by winning a tri-brand battle royal.[17]Finlay was the final wrestler to qualify for the match when he defeated The Brian Kendrick on the March 13 episode of SmackDown.[18]

Brothers Jeff Hardy (far left) and Matt Hardy (far right), who engaged in a rivalry on the way to WrestleMania.

The buildup to WrestleMania XXV also included a rivalry between brothers Matt and Jeff Hardy. During Jeff’s match against Edge at the Royal Rumble for the WWE Championship, Matt came down to the ring, appearing to help his brother.[19] Instead, Matt hit Jeff with a steel chair, costing Jeff the match and his WWE title. After losing his Money in the Bank qualifying match to MVP on the March 6 edition of SmackDown, Matt interfered in Jeff’s qualifying match later that night by punching Jeff’s opponent, Shelton Benjamin and hence disqualifying Jeff from the match.[12] A week later, Matt provoked Jeff even further by bringing up Jeff’s recent accidents, including Jeff’s incident at the night of Survivor Series where he was found unconscious in a hotel stairwell, Jeff’s car incident where he was run off the road, and his pyrotechnics accident. Matt then talked about the real life fire on Jeff’s house, causing the death of his dog, Jack. Matt proceeded to take out what was left of Jack’s dog collar, which he found in a pile of ashes, causing Jeff to snap and attack Matt. Later that night, it was announced that Matt and Jeff would wrestle each other at WrestleMania.[18] A further announcement was made a week later, declaring the match to be held under Extreme Rules.[20]

Following an exhibition encounter between the WWE Tag Team Champions, Primo (Eddie Colón) and Carlito (Carly Colón), and World Tag Team Champions, John Morrison and The Miz, on the January 23 edition of SmackDown that saw Primo and Carlito victorious[21], Miz and Morrison would proceed to harass their defeaters on their weekly Internet show, the Dirt Sheet, as well as profess the brothers’ ineffectiveness to their valets, The Bella Twins, goading them into another match with the winning team to go on a date with the Bellas, which was won by Miz and Morrison on the February 13 edition of SmackDown.[22] The two teams would continue their feud in the coming weeks with the focus initially on vying for the Bella Twins, but developed was a dual center when Carlito and Primo defended their WWE Tag Team titles in a winning effort against Morrison and Miz, as well as come up on the losing end against their adversaries two weeks later when Morrison and Miz put up their World Tag Team titles. With both teams retaining their respective belts, it was announced on the March 17 edition of ECW that the WWE and World Tag Team titles would be unified at WrestleMania into the “Unified WWE Tag Team Championship.”[23]

Upon the rise in popularity of the film, The Wrestler, Chris Jericho took exception to the notion of one the themes presented in the movie, which was respect for older wrestlers after their careers start to decline, which Jericho saw as pathetic attempt from the wrestlers in question at trying to remain relevant. On the February 9 edition of Raw, Ric Flair would appear to protest Jericho’s tirades professing that the wrestlers should be respected, as they had paved the way for the future generations, leading to an intense war of words between the two.[24] Over the coming weeks, Jericho would be confronted by a number of stars including: Roddy Piper,[9]Ricky Steamboat,[14] and Jimmy Snuka on an episode of Piper’s Pit hosted by Jericho himself,[11] ultimately always leading to Jericho viciously beating down all three men. This led to Jericho challenging Flair to a match the following week only to Flair declining, honoring his retirement from competition, but offered to be in the corner of Piper, Steamboat, and Snuka for their challenge against Jericho in a handicap match, which was accepted, but to show his relentless nature, Jericho would assault Flair, beating him to a pulp, sending a message to the others.[25]

Event

Production

As the second WrestleMania to be held in Houston and the state of Texas, World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) mainly promoted WrestleMania XXV under the tagline “Everything Is Bigger in Texas, Especially WrestleMania” since its announcement at WrestleMania XXIV in April 2008.[26] However, WWE later began using The 25th Anniversary of WrestleMania name in late-2008 to primarily promote the event,[27] although, it is only the 24th anniversary. WrestleMania 2 was the first anniversary, and as a result of the continuous chronology, WrestleMania XXV is the 24th anniversary, not the 25th as WWE promotes. Tickets for WrestleMania XXV were originally scheduled to go on sale September 20, 2008, but was postponed out of concern for the residents near the Gulf of Mexico due to Hurricane Ike and the disaster area declaration by Texas Governor Rick Perry. Following another postponement due to the effect of Ike on the state of Texas, WWE announced that ticket sales would be postponed until November 8, 2008.[28][29] As of November 9, 2008, ticket sales exceeded US$4.8 million, which include people from all 50 U.S. states, 24 countries, and seven Canadian provinces.[30]

Since the first instance of the event, appearances by celebrities have contributed to the promotion of WrestleMania. At the 15th Screen Actors Guild Awards, actor Mickey Rourke, who has recently gained critical acclaim for his role in the film The Wrestler, had earlier announced he would be competing at WrestleMania.[31] However, on January 28, 2009, his spokesperson reported that the actor would not be competing at the event.[32] WWE subsequently reconfirmed Rourke’s appearance on January 31, 2009, announcing that he had been invited as a guest, and not as a competitor, for WrestleMania.[33] On March 23, 2009 it was announced that Nicole Scherzinger of the Pussycat Dolls would perform “America the Beautiful” to open up the show. It was also announced that Kid Rock would perform a medley of his songs, including “Cowboy“, “Bawitdaba“, “Rock N Roll Jesus“, and “So Hott“.[34]

It was announced on January 30, 2009 that “War Machine” and the live version of “Shoot to Thrill“, both by AC/DC, would serve as the theme songs for WrestleMania.[1] Announced on the March 13 edition of SmackDown, “So Hott” by Kid Rock will also serve as one of the official theme songs.[2]

Marketing

According to WWE’s executive vice president Michelle Wilson, WrestleMania XXV will feature most extensive promotional campaign in WrestleMania history. Promotion for the event include a merchandise deal with Kmart enabling discounts on the pay-per-view’s retail price, as well as deals with DirecTV and Dish Network to promote through interactive television. The campaign will also see WWE mail to previous purchasers of WrestleMania, professional boxing and mixed martial arts pay-per-views to order their show. WWE will spend US$10 million for cross-channel spots on television networks such as ESPN, MTV and the USA Network.[35] The Army National Guard will be the primary sponsor for the event, using the event to help enhance their recruitment.[36]

As with previous WrestleMania events, a series of events will be held at the week preceding WrestleMania XXV. For the second year running, WrestleManiArt, an art exhibition and auction featuring work by WWE superstars and local artists, will be held at the Julia Ideson Building on April 1, with the proceeds going to Houston Public Library Foundation. WrestleMania’s annual fan convention, WrestleMania Axxess, will be held between April 2 and April 5 at Reliant Center. On April 4, WWE will host its annual WWE Hall of Fame ceremony at the Toyota Center, where the Class of 2009 will be inducted.[37][38]

Matches

# Matches Stipulations
1 The Undertaker vs. Shawn Michaels[39] Singles match
2 CM Punk vs. Kane vs. Mark Henry vs. Montel Vontavious Porter vs. Shelton Benjamin vs. Kofi Kingston vs. Christian vs. Finlay[15] Money in the Bank ladder match
3 Triple H (c) vs. Randy Orton[40] Singles match for the WWE Championship
4 Edge (c) vs. The Big Show vs. John Cena[41] Triple Threat match for the World Heavyweight Championship
5 25-Diva battle royal[42] Winner will be crowned “Miss WrestleMania”
6 Matt Hardy vs. Jeff Hardy[43] Extreme Rules match
7 The Colóns (Carlito and Primo) vs. John Morrison and The Miz[44] Lumberjack match to unify the WWE Tag Team Championship and World Tag Team Championship
8 John “Bradshaw” Layfield (c) vs. Rey Mysterio[45] Singles match for the WWE Intercontinental Championship
9 Chris Jericho vs. Roddy Piper, Ricky Steamboat and Jimmy Snuka (with Ric Flair)[46] Handicap Match
(c) - refers to the champion heading into the match

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My last year

March 24, 2009 · No Comments

graduation song

Pls. listen this song and i hope it will look back for our memories we had

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